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1.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 34(2): 61-65, 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1524718

ABSTRACT

We report a clinical case from a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis who had chronic anemia and carried out several endoscopic studies without evidence of active bleeding, a complementary study with endoscopic capsule was requested to search for a source of bleeding. In the analysis of laboratory data, the presence of hypereosinophilia stands out in parallel. The images obtained in the video capsule study show geoparasites helminth-type. After parasite treatment, anemia improves and the absolute eosinophil count is normalized.


Reportamos el caso de un paciente cirrótico por alcohol con anemia crónica quien se realizó varios estudios endoscópicos sin evidencia de sangrado activo, por tal motivo se solicitó estudio complementario con cápsula endoscópica para búsqueda de fuente de sangrado. En el análisis de los datos de laboratorio paralelamente destaca la presencia de hipereosinofilia. Las imágenes obtenidas en el estudio de la video cápsula muestran varios geoparásitos de tipo helmintos. Posterior al tratamiento antiparasitario mejora la anemia y se normaliza el recuento absoluto de eosinófilos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Fibrosis/complications , Eosinophils , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Anemia/complications , Intestines/parasitology
2.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 767-773, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-982025

ABSTRACT

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), with the main manifestations of bloody stool, abdominal distension, and vomiting, is one of the leading causes of death in neonates, and early identification and diagnosis are crucial for the prognosis of NEC. The emergence and development of machine learning has provided the potential for early, rapid, and accurate identification of this disease. This article summarizes the algorithms of machine learning recently used in NEC, analyzes the high-risk predictive factors revealed by these algorithms, evaluates the ability and characteristics of machine learning in the etiology, definition, and diagnosis of NEC, and discusses the challenges and prospects for the future application of machine learning in NEC.


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Humans , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/therapy , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Prognosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Machine Learning
3.
São Paulo med. j ; 139(6): 583-590, Nov.-Dec. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1352290

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Many scoring systems for predicting mortality, rebleeding and transfusion needs among patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) have been developed. However, no scoring system can predict all these outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To show whether the perfusion index (PI), compared with the Rockall score (RS), helps predict transfusion needs and prognoses among patients presenting with UGIB in emergency departments. In this way, critical patients with transfusion needs can be identified at an early stage. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study in an emergency department in Turkey, conducted between June 2018 and June 2019. METHODS: Patients' demographic parameters, PI, RS, transfusion needs and prognosis were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 219 patients were included. Blood transfusion was performed in 174 patients (79.4%). The PI cutoff value for prediction of the need for blood transfusion was 1.17, and the RS cutoff value was 5. The area under the curve (AUC) value for PI (AUC: 0.772; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.705-0.838; P < 0.001) was higher than for RS (AUC: 0.648; 95% CI: 0.554-0.741; P = 0.002). 185 patients (84.5%) were discharged, and 34 patients (15.5%) died. The PI cutoff value for predicting mortality was 1.1, and the RS cutoff value was 7. The AUC value for PI (AUC: 0.743; 95% CI: 0.649-0.837; P < 0.001) was higher than for RS (AUC: 0.725; 95% CI: 0.639-0.811; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: PI values for patients admitted to emergency departments with UGIB on admission can help predict their need for transfusion and mortality risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Triage , Perfusion Index , Prognosis , Severity of Illness Index , Prospective Studies , ROC Curve , Risk Assessment , Emergency Service, Hospital , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy
4.
Rev. méd. hondur ; 89(1, supl): 23-27, 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280947

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La hemorragia gastrointestinal oculta representa aproximadamente del 5%-10% del total de las hemorragias digestivas. Descripción del caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 62 años, procedente de Santa Cruz de Yojoa, Cortés, sin comorbilidades, con episodios intermitentes de melena de un año de evolución; evaluada y manejada con hierro parenteral y transfusiones sanguíneas. Se le realizó protocolo diagnóstico, sin encontrar origen del sangrado. Fue sometida a laparoscopía diagnóstica en junio del 2019, realizándole apendicectomía, resección yeyunal, colecistectomía y ooforectomía; cursando asintomática luego de la cirugía. En diciembre, reinicia con melena, 3-4 episodios diarios, abundante cantidad (aproximadamente 300 ml). Evaluada nuevamente sin lograr identificar el origen del sangrado, por lo cual se realizó vídeo capsula endoscópica que reportó, restos hemáticos sin observar sitio de sangrado. Se llevó a cabo enteroscopía de empuje y duodenoscopía observando sitio de sangrado cercano a la papila duodenal. Se decide realizar angiotomografía, la cual fue compatible con sangrado digestivo a nivel de la II y III porción del duodeno. Luego se efectúa arteriografía selectiva de vasos abdominales, evidenciando fuga de medio de contraste originada en la rama de la arteria hepática derecha de origen en la mesentérica superior. Finalmente se procedió a la aplicación de 2 hemoclip vía endoscópica obteniendo un resultado satisfactorio.Conclusiones: El tipo de lesión responsable de la hemorragia del intestino delgado depende de la edad del paciente. Los factores de riesgo de hemorragia recurrente por angioectasia incluyen el número de lesiones, la edad avanzada, comorbilidades y la terapia anticoagulante...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Angiodysplasia , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Intestine, Small
5.
Clinics ; 76: e2921, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1278928

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB) results from rupture of esophageal or gastric varices. It is a life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how to predict adverse outcomes and identify high-risk patients. In variceal hemorrhage, high Child-Turcotte-Pugh (Child) and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores are associated with a worse prognosis. The Rockall system (Rockall), Glasgow-Blatchford (Blatchford), and AIMS65 scores have been validated for risk stratification for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding; however, their use is controversial in AVB. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of Child, MELD, Rockall, Blatchford, and AIMS65 scores in risk stratification for rebleeding and/or mortality associated with AVB. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over 42 months. The outcomes were 6-week rebleeding and mortality. The AUROC was calculated for each score (1-0.9, 0.9-0.8, and 0.8-0.7, indicating excellent, good, and acceptable predictive power, respectively). RESULTS: In total, 222 patients were included. Six-week rebleeding and mortality rates were 14% and 18.5%, respectively. No score was useful for discriminating patients at a higher risk of rebleeding. The AUROCs were 0.59, 0.57, 0.61, 0.63, and 0.56 for Rockall, Blatchford, AIMS65, Child, and MELD scores, respectively. Prediction of 6-week mortality based on Rockall (AUROC 0.65), Blatchford (AUROC=0.60), and AIMS65 (AUROC=0.67) scores were also not considered acceptable. The AUROCs for predicting mortality were acceptable for Child and MELD scores (0.72 and 0.74, respectively). CONCLUSION: Rockall, Blatchford, and AIMS65 scores are not useful for predicting 6-week rebleeding or mortality in patients with AVB. Child and MELD scores can identify patients at higher risk for 6-week mortality but not for 6-week rebleeding.


Subject(s)
Humans , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/diagnosis , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/etiology , End Stage Liver Disease , Prognosis , Severity of Illness Index , Retrospective Studies , ROC Curve , Hospital Mortality , Risk Assessment , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy
6.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 156(6): 502-508, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249959

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Con la escala de Glasgow-Blatchford (EG-B) se califica mediante datos clínicos, el riesgo de resangrado después de hemorragia del tubo digestivo alto (HTDA); y con las escalas de Forrest y Dagradi, mediante endoscopia. Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad de la EG-B para identificar riesgo de resangrado a 30 días después de una HTDA; el estándar de oro de comparación fue la endoscopia. Método: Se analizaron 129 expedientes de pacientes con HTDA y endoscopia. Se cuantificaron las escalas de Glasgow-Blatchford, Forrest y Dagradi; se calculó sensibilidad, especificidad y área bajo la curva ROC (ABC-ROC) del riesgo de resangrado reportado por EG-B. Resultados: La EG-B identificó a 53 pacientes con riesgo bajo de resangrado (41.09 %) y 76 con riesgo alto (58.91 %). Con la endoscopia se identificó a 107 pacientes con hemorragia no variceal (82.94 %), 98 con riesgo bajo (89.9 %) y 11 con riesgo alto (10.09 %); además, 22 pacientes con hemorragia variceal (17.05 %), 12 con riesgo bajo (54.54 %) y 10 con riesgo alto (45.45 %). La EG-B mostró sensibilidad de 0.857, especificidad de 0.462 y ABC-ROC de 0.660. Conclusiones: La EG-B es sencilla, objetiva y útil para identificar riesgo de resangrado después de HTDA; se sugiere como herramienta de triaje en urgencias.


Abstract Introduction: The Glasgow-Blatchford scale (GBS) classifies the risk of re-bleeding after upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) using clinical data, whereas the Forrest and Dagradi scales do it by endoscopy. Objective: To assess GBS’s ability to identify re-bleeding risk within 30 days of an UGIB, using endoscopy as the gold standard for comparison. Method: 129 medical records of patients with UGIB and endoscopy were analyzed. The Glasgow-Blatchford, Forrest and Dagradi scales were quantified; sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) of GBS-reported re-bleeding risk were calculated. Results: GBS identified 53 patients with low re-bleeding risk (41.09 %) and 76 with high risk (58.91 %). Endoscopy identified 107 patients with non-variceal bleeding (82.94 %): 98 with low risk (89.9 %) and 11 with high risk (10.09 %); in addition, it identified 22 patients with variceal hemorrhage (17.05 %): 12 with low risk (54.54 %) and 10 with high risk (45.45 %). GBS showed a sensitivity of 0.857, specificity of 0.462 and an AUC-ROC of 0.660. Conclusions: GBS is simple, objective and useful to identify the risk of re-bleeding after UGIB; it is suggested as a triage tool in the emergency department.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/diagnosis , Triage/methods , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/standards , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Recurrence , Sensitivity and Specificity , Risk Assessment/methods , Area Under Curve
7.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 31(2): 70-72, jun. 2020. ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1117014

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentar el caso infrecuente de sangrado tardío posterior al tratamiento con macroligadura elástica de hemorroides, tratamiento propuesto por A. Reis Neto. Caso Clínico: Mujer de 26 años con tratamiento de hemorroides con macroligadura elástica. A los 28 días es admitida en urgencia por proctorragia abundante sin signos de shock hipovolémico. Laboratorio: Hematocrito 27%, Hemoglobina 8,9 mg/dl. Se realiza colonoscopia evidenciando la cicatriz de macroligadura con signos de coágulo desprendido sin sangrado activo. Se decide conducta expectante con tratamiento de la hipovolemia incial y anemia. Evoluciona sin resangrado con control endoscópico a los 60 y 180 (sin sangrado y excelentes resultados). Discusión: La macroligadura es una técnica alternativa para el tratamiento de hemorroides con excelentes resultados anatómicos y funcionales. Presenta menor dolor postoperatorio, bajo índice de complicaciones (ninguna severa o propia del método). No existen comunicaciones sobre sangrado tardío grave tanto en ligaduras convencionales como macroligadura. Conclusiones: Se presenta el primer caso comunicado a la fecha de un sangrado tardío en macroligaduras que fue resuelto en forma conservadora.


Objetive: To present an infrequent clinical report of a case of late bleeding after rubber macroband ligation. Case report: A 28-year-old female with severe rectal bleeding but no associated shock was presented 28 days after rubber macroband ligation at emergency room. Blood samples showed acute anemia. An urgent colonoscopy was performed which showed a scar without acute bleeding. Medical treatment was settled. There was no secondary bleeding in follow up. Endoscopic control was done at 60 and 180 days. Discusion: Hemorrhoidal rubber macroband ligation is a modification of conventional rubber band ligation. It was proposed and developed by J.A. Reis Neto (Campinas, SP, Brazil). Morbidity is low and results are excellent. There is no previous report of delayed bleeding considering both rubber band and macroband ligation. Conclusion: The First case of late bleeding after rubber band ligation treated with conservative measures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemorrhoids/surgery , Ligation/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Colonoscopy , Watchful Waiting , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Ligation/methods
8.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 72(1): 59-63, feb. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092891

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción Las fístulas aorto-entéricas (FAE) son una causa infrecuente de hemorragia digestiva. El pronóstico, generalmente ominoso, depende de una alta sospecha clínica y diagnóstico oportuno. Caso clínico Reportamos el caso de una mujer de 66 años intervenida por un aneurisma sacular aórtico abdominal (AAA) yuxtarrenal, con rotura contenida, fistulizado al duodeno. Presentó una hemorragia digestiva en el preoperatorio; sin embargo, el diagnóstico de la fístula se hizo en el intraoperatorio. La paciente fue sometida a reparación quirúrgica urgente con instalación de una prótesis aórtica bifemoral y resección duodenal. En el postoperatorio inmediato presentó una trombosis parcial de las ramas de la prótesis aórtica e isquemia de extremidades, siendo reintervenida exitosamente. Discusión La FAE es una causa potencialmente fatal de hemorragia digestiva. El diagnóstico continúa siendo un desafío debido a su presentación inespecífica y siempre debiese ser considerado frente a una hemorragia digestiva sin causa aparente. Existen varias opciones para el enfrentamiento quirúrgico que deben ser analizadas caso a caso, sin retrasar la reparación de la fístula. Es preferible la resección duodenal ante la simple duodenorrafia.


Introduction Aorto-enteric fistulae (AEF) are a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. The prognosis tends to be ominous, depending greatly in a high level of clinical suspicion and prompt diagnosis. Clinical case We report a case of a 66-year-old female with a saccular juxta-renal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), with a contained rupture. The patient was urgently submitted to surgical repair using an bifemoral aortic prosthesis. A duodenal partial resection was performed. During the immediate postoperative time she presented partial thrombosis of prosthesis and ischemia of lower extremities so she was reoperated successfully. Discussion AEF is a potentially fatal cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. Diagnosis is still troublesome due to its vague presentation and it should always be considered when facing gastrointestinal haemorrhage with no apparent cause. There are several surgical approaches that should be pondered case to case without delaying the repair of the defect.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aortic Diseases/complications , Intestinal Fistula/surgery , Intestinal Fistula/complications , Duodenal Diseases/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Intestinal Fistula/diagnosis , Treatment Outcome , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/complications , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Perioperative Period , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis
9.
In. Machado Rodríguez, Fernando; Liñares, Norberto; Gorrasi, José; Terra Collares, Eduardo Daniel. Manejo del paciente en la emergencia: patología y cirugía de urgencia para emergencistas. Montevideo, Cuadrado, 2020. p.97-107.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1342990
10.
In. Machado Rodríguez, Fernando; Liñares, Norberto; Gorrasi, José; Terra Collares, Eduardo Daniel. Manejo del paciente en la emergencia: patología y cirugía de urgencia para emergencistas. Montevideo, Cuadrado, 2020. p.109-119.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1342991
12.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 36(3): 387-391, jun. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013798

ABSTRACT

Resumen La tuberculosis duodenal primaria es muy infrecuente, incluso en regiones endémicas. El diagnóstico plantea un gran reto, y requiere un alto índice de sospecha, apoyado en estudios de imágenes, microbiología, e histopatología obtenida por biopsia endoscópica o quirúrgica. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 31 años, sin infección por VIH ni antecedente de tuberculosis, que debutó con una obstrucción duodenal. Posterior a una laparatomía exploradora presentó una estenosis duodenal y una hemorragia digestiva alta. Luego de varias biopsias no concluyentes, sólo la última, realizada con la técnica "biopsia sobre biopsia", demostró la presencia de granulomas con bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes. El diagnóstico de tuberculosis fue confirmado por reacción de polimerasa en cadena de tejido duodenal. No se evidenció compromiso de otros órganos. La respuesta terapéutica fue excelente.


Primary duodenal tuberculosis is rare, even in endemic regions. The diagnosis poses a major challenge and requires a high index of suspicion, supported by imaging studies, microbiology, and histopatology obtained by endoscopic or surgical biopsy. We report the case of a 31-year-old man, without HIV infection or any previous history of tuberculosis, who presented with duodenal obstruction. After exploratory laparotomy, he presented a duodenal stenosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A total of four diagnostic procedures (one laparotomy and three endoscopies) were performed, all of which included biopsies. Only the last endoscopy made with the technique "biopsy upon biopsy" showed the presence of acid fast bacilli and granulomas. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction in duodenal tissue. There was no evidence of involvement of other organs by tuberculosis. The patient had an excellent therapeutic response.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis , Duodenal Obstruction/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/pathology , Biopsy , Duodenal Obstruction , Granuloma/pathology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/pathology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(2): 256-260, Feb. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004341

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Adenovirus (ADV) is a recognized cause of severe disease among immunocompromised patients. We report a previously healthy 39-year-old female, admitted with influenza pneumonia and evolving with lung hemorrhage and acute renal failure requiring mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis. She received high corticosteroid doses due to an initial suspicion of alveolar hemorrhage. Lymphopenia already present before steroid use (567/μL), was maintained during the whole hospital stay (mean 782/μL). From the second week of admission she presented a high-volume diarrhea (mean 2.5 L/day) associated to intermittent bloody stools. An ulcerative enterocolitis was confirmed by CT images and colonoscopy. ADV was detected in a colonic tissue sample by real time PCR but not by a commercial filmarray test. Cidofovir-probenecid and racecadotril therapy were indicated without changing the clinical course of diarrhea and the patient finally died.


Adenovirus (ADV) es una causa reconocida de enfermedades graves en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Informamos el caso de una mujer de 39 años, previamente sana, que ingresó por neumonía grave por influenza, evolucionando con hemorragia pulmonar y falla renal aguda, requiriendo ventilación mecánica y hemodiálisis. Recibió altas dosis de corticoides por la sospecha inicial de una hemorragia alveolar. Tuvo linfopenia durante toda su estadía (promedio 782/μL), la que ya estaba presente antes del uso de los corticoides (567/μL). Desde la segunda semana de hospitalización, presentó una diarrea de alto volumen (promedio 2,5 L/día) asociada a la presencia de sangre en deposiciones en forma intermitente. Se confirmó una enterocolitis ulcerativa por tomografía computada y colonoscopía. Se detectó ADV en muestras de biopsia colónica por PCR en tiempo real pero no por un test de PCR múltiples automatizado comercial. Fue tratada con cidofovir-probenecid y racecadrotrilo sin impacto clínico y la paciente finalmente falleció.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Cross Infection/etiology , Immunocompromised Host , Adenoviridae Infections/complications , Enterocolitis/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Adenoviridae/isolation & purification , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Cross Infection/immunology , Fatal Outcome , Adenoviridae Infections/microbiology , Diarrhea/complications , Enterocolitis/diagnosis , Enterocolitis/immunology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/immunology
14.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1100192

ABSTRACT

Gastrointestinal bleedings (GIB) are one of the most frequent adverse drug reactions. Among the GIB upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) stands out due to their high mortality. The different idiosyncratic responses related to UGIB ​​in medication users may be due to the presence of genetic variants in the genes that encode enzymes that are targets of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activity of the metabolism of the drugs, such as cyclooxygenase 1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cytochrome P450, among others. Although a review has focused on assessment whether the presence of CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 could increase UGIB diagnosis, the search is outdated, and more evidence can be identified regarding both CYP polymorphisms and other genes potentially involved with UGIB. The objective of the systematic review is to explore case-control or case-case studies to assess the epidemiological association between genetic polymorphisms and UGIB. This review will consider genetic polymorphisms of case-control and case-case studies and their association with the UGIB, in the presence or absence of drugs exposure. Electronic searches will be performed in PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library with no time limit. Two researchers will select registries and extract data on study and population characteristics, exposure, covariates, and outcomes. Critical appraisal will consider Joanna Briggs tool for case-control studies. Studies will, where possible, be pooled with statistical meta-analysis. Where statistical pooling is not possible the findings will be presented in narrative form including tables and figures to aid in data presentation, where appropriate.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Polymorphism, Genetic/drug effects , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/epidemiology
15.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 39(1): 27-37, ene.-mar. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014123

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir la experiencia en el uso de la enteroscopia asistida por balón simple para el diagnóstico y manejo de la patología del intestino delgado en pacientes con anatomía normal y alterada por cirugía en la Clínica Anglo Americana. Material y método: El presente es un estudio descriptivo - retrospectivo que incluye a todos los pacientes que acudieron a la Unidad de Intestino Delgado de la Clínica Anglo Americana, para realizarse una enteroscopia asistida por balón durante el periodo comprendido entre diciembre del 2012 a diciembre del 2018. Resultados: Se realizaron 80 procedimientos de enteroscopia asistida por balón simple, 49 fueron realizados por via anterógrada y 31 por vía retrógrada. La edad promedio fue 60,78 años (20 a 88 años). 48 pacientes (60%) eran varones. El tiempo de inserción media fue 80 minutos para la vía anterógrada (55 - 141 minutos) y 110 minutos para la vía retrógrada (55 -180 minutos). La principal indicación para realizar la enteroscopia por balón simple fue hemorragia digestiva oscura, 45 casos (56,25%). Se realizaron 6 estudios de enteroscopias asistida por balón en pacientes con anatomía alterada (7,5%). Setenta de los ochenta procedimientos (87,5%) fueron realizados con sedación administrada por enfermería supervisada por gastroenterólogo en base a midazolam, petidina y propofol, no se presentó ninguna complicación respiratoria o hemodinámica. Los diagnósticos obtenidos más frecuentes por enteroscopia fueron: angiodisplasias de intestino delgado (20%), úlceras yeyuno ileales (17,5%) y neoplasias a nivel del intestino delgado (7,5%). La complicación que se presentó con más frecuencia posterior a la enteroscopia fue el íleo paralítico, 2 casos, y se asoció a no utilizar insuflación con dióxido de carbono durante el procedimiento. Conclusiones: La hemorragia digestiva oscura fue la principal indicación para realizar una enteroscopia asistida por balón simple. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron angiodisplasias, úlceras yeyuno ileales y neoplasias a nivel del intestino delgado. La complicación más frecuente fue el íleo paralítico y se asoció a no utilizar insuflación con dióxido de carbono durante el procedimiento.


Objetive: To describe our experience with single balloon enteroscopy in the management of small bowel disease in British American Hospital, Lima - Perú. Material and methods: Descriptive and prospective study. We include all patients that come to perform a single balloon enteroscopy in small bowel unit of British American Hospital within December 2012 to December 2018. Results: We performed 80 procedures of single balloon enteroscopy, 49 were done by oral approach, 31 by rectal approach. Mean age were 60.78 years-old (20 - 88 years). 48 patients (60%) were male. The mean insertion time for oral approach was 80 minutes (55-141 minutes), and for rectal approach was 110 minutes (55-180 minutes). The main indication for single balloon enteroscopy was obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. 6 enteroscopies were performed in patients with altered surgical anatomy (7.5%). 70 of 80 procedures (87.5%) were performed with gastroenterology-administered sedation, using midazolam, pethidine and propofol, without any respiratory or hemodinamic complication. Diagnostics achieved by single balloon enteroscopy were small bowel angiodysplasias (20%), yeyuno ileal ulcers (17.5%) and small bowel neoplasia (7.5%). Paralytic ileus was the most common complication of single balloon enteroscopy, 2 cases, and both cases were associated after no using carbon dioxide insufflation during procedure. Conclusion: Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding was the main indication for single balloon enteroscopy. Diagnostics achieved by single balloon enteroscopy were small bowel angiodysplasias (20%), yeyuno ileal ulcers (17.5%) and small bowel neoplasia (7.5%). Paralytic ileus was the most common complication of single balloon enteroscopy, 2 cases, and both cases were associated after no using carbon dioxide insufflation during procedure


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Single-Balloon Enteroscopy , Intestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Intestine, Small/pathology , Peru , Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction/etiology , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Angiodysplasia/complications , Angiodysplasia/diagnosis , Single-Balloon Enteroscopy/adverse effects , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Hospital Units/statistics & numerical data , International Cooperation , Intestinal Diseases/therapy , Intestinal Neoplasms/complications , Intestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis
16.
In. Madrid Karlen, Fausto. Abordaje clínico del paciente con patología quirúrgica. Montevideo, s.n, 2019. p.49-56.
Monography in Spanish | BNUY, UY-BNMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1290993
17.
In. Madrid Karlen, Fausto. Abordaje clínico del paciente con patología quirúrgica. Montevideo, s.n, 2019. p.163-170.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1291011
19.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 47(3): 1-14, jul.-set. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-985542

ABSTRACT

Las hemorragias que ocurren en el tubo digestivo y en particular las de origen varicoso, constituyen una urgencia médico quirúrgica; a pesar de los avances científico tecnológicos actuales, su pronóstico continúa reservado. Esta revisión, se realizó con el propósito de profundizar en diversos aspectos cognoscitivos vigentes sobre la hemorragia digestiva varicosa. Se llevó a cabo una revisión documental mediante búsqueda temática digital de artículos nacionales y foráneos, publicados en español e inglés durante la presente centuria, concernientes a la hemorragia digestiva varicosa. Existe diversidad de criterios en torno al diagnóstico y tratamiento del sangrado digestivo alto varicoso. Se evidencia la necesidad de una unidad de atención a estos pacientes en los hospitales, la disponibilidad de endoscopia digestiva superior a tiempo completo y de un equipo multidisciplinario para brindar una terapia integradora. El acto operatorio programado solo debe ejecutarse en la clase Child-Pugh ideal, pero como las intervenciones suelen ser urgentes en estadio B o C, se elevan las probabilidades de complicaciones y muerte. Las várices esofagogástricas, a pesar de considerarse una causa infrecuente de hemorragia digestiva alta, tiene por lo general un desenlace tórpido en quienes la presentan, de manera que el diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados constituyen un verdadero desafío para cualquier servicio quirúrgico(AU)


The hemorrhages that occur in the digestive tract and in particular those of variceal origin, constitute a surgical medical emergency; despite current scientific and technological advances, its prognosis remains reserved. This review was carried out with the purpose of delving into various current cognitive aspects of variceal digestive hemorrhage. A documentary review was carried out by digital thematic search of national and foreign articles, published in Spanish and English during the present century, concerning variceal digestive hemorrhage. There is diversity of criteria regarding the diagnosis and treatment of high variceal digestive bleeding. The need for a care unit for these patients in hospitals, the availability of full-time upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and a multidisciplinary team to provide an integrative therapy is evident. The scheduled operative act should only be performed in the ideal Child-Pugh class, but because interventions are usually urgent in stage B or C, the chances of complications and death are increased. Esophagogastric varices, despite being considered an infrequent cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, usually have a torpid outcome in those who present it, so that adequate diagnosis and treatment are a real challenge for any surgical service(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Review Literature as Topic , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy , Databases, Bibliographic , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis
20.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(3): 715-725, may.-jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-961258

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la hemorragia digestiva se define como toda pérdida de sangre procedente de cualquier sitio del tubo digestivo, desde la boca hasta el ano, incluyendo las hemorragias digestivas originadas en órganos que drenan en la luz intestinal. Objetivo: realizar el diagnóstico y seguimiento de pacientes con sangre oculta positiva en heces fecales. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo en el municipio de Unión de Reyes, provincia de Matanzas, entre los años 2014-2015. El universo y muestra estuvo constituida por 130 pacientes a los cuales el test de sangre oculta en heces fecales fue positivo, teniendo entre las variables características sociodemográficas de los pacientes, diagnóstico y seguimiento. Resultados: dentro de los resultados obtenidos las edades comprendidas entre 50-69 años fueron las más frecuentes, así como el sexo femenino donde la positividad del test fue mayor al igual que en negros y mestizos. Los medicamentos que más incidencia tuvieron fueron los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y la aspirina. El test le fue indicado a 115 pacientes por atención primaria siendo 76 por pesquisa. A 80 pacientes no se les comunicó con que intensión se indicaba el examen. Del total de pacientes 43 tuvieron enfermedades relacionadas con el tracto digestivo alto y 44 del bajo. Conclusiones: uno de cada cinco pacientes presentó alguna tumoración del tracto digestivo. Se consideró que el trabajo de los equipos de salud fue deficiente en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes (AU).


Introduction: digestive hemorrhage is defined as any blood loss that stems from any site of the alimentary canal, from the mouth to the anus, including digestive hemorrhages occurring in organs draining in the intestinal lumen. Objective: to diagnose and follow-up patients with positive hidden blood in fecal feces. Materials and methods: a descriptive epidemiologic study was carried out in the municipality of Unión de Reyes, province of Matanzas, in the period 2014-2015. The universe and sample were formed by 130 patients whose test of hidden blood in fecal feces was positive, taking as variables the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients, their diagnosis and follow-up. Results: some of the obtained results were the predominance of ages between 50 and 69 years, and also the female sex with higher test positivity like in black and mestizo patients. The medications having more incidence were the non-steroidal antiinflammatory ones and aspirin. The test was indicated to 115 patient in the primary health care, being 76 in the screening. 80 patients were no informed of the intentionality when the test was indicated. From the total of the patients, 43 had diseases related with the upper digestive tract, and 44 with the low one. Conclusions: one form each five patients showed any tumor of vthe digestive tract. The work of the health teams was considered deficient in relation with the patients' diagnosis and follow-up...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Feces , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Occult Blood , Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Epidemiologic Studies , Population Dynamics , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Colonoscopy/methods , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Endoscopy/methods
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